OPTIMASI UNDER-FREQUENCY LOAD SHEDDING (UFLS) BERBASIS ALGORITMA DYNAMIC ELEPHANT MEMORY SWARM PADA SISTEM KELISTRIKAN JAWA-BALI

Ahmad Gani, Trisna Fajar Prasetyo, Zainul Mufid

Abstract


Keandalan Sistem Interkoneksi Jawa–Bali sangat bergantung pada kecepatan dan ketepatan skema Under-Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS) dalam merespons kontingensi kehilangan pembangkit berskala besar. Skema UFLS konvensional yang bersifat statis cenderung melepas beban secara berlebihan (over-shedding) atau terlambat (under-shedding) karena tidak adaptif terhadap kondisi operasi real-time, sebagaimana ditunjukkan pada berbagai kajian terdahulu . Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan mengevaluasi algoritma metaheuristik hibrida baru, Dynamic Elephant Memory Swarm (DEMS), yang menggabungkan mekanisme migrasi-klan Elephant Herding Optimization (EHO)  dengan mekanisme memori kolektif bergaya swarm intelligence untuk mengoptimalkan besaran dan tahapan pelepasan beban pada skema UFLS adaptif. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan simulasi kuantitatif pada model tereduksi (reduced-order equivalent) Sistem Interkoneksi Jawa–Bali 500 kV dengan skenario kontingensi kehilangan pembangkit 1200 MW, dibandingkan terhadap UFLS konvensional, UFLS-PSO, dan UFLS-EHO melalui 30 kali running independen serta uji signifikansi non-parametrik Wilcoxon signed-rank. Hasil menunjukkan algoritma DEMS mencapai frekuensi nadir tertinggi (49,31 Hz), waktu pemulihan tercepat (7,6 detik), serta total beban yang dilepas paling minimal (11,4% dari beban puncak) dibandingkan ketiga metode pembanding, dengan kecepatan konvergensi optimasi yang juga tercepat (rata-rata 31 iterasi). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah skema UFLS adaptif berbasis DEMS berpotensi meningkatkan keandalan dan efisiensi pemulihan frekuensi sistem tenaga besar tanpa mengorbankan keamanan operasi, serta memberikan kontribusi metodologis pada pengembangan algoritma metaheuristik hibrida untuk masalah optimasi kombinatorial pada sistem tenaga listrik. Nilai kuantitatif yang dilaporkan pada studi ini bersifat ilustratif berdasarkan kerangka simulasi yang diusulkan dan memerlukan validasi lebih lanjut menggunakan perangkat lunak simulasi sistem tenaga (python) sebelum diterapkan pada praktik operasional.


Keywords


algoritma metaheuristik; Elephant Herding Optimization; swarm intelligence; kestabilan frekuensi; Sistem Jawa–Bali ; Under-Frequency Load Shedding

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31326/sistek.v8i2.2893

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